Finding a lump on your neck, back, or behind your ear can be unsettling. These lumps differ widely in size, feel, and underlying cause—ranging from harmless cysts to more serious medical issues. Knowing what might be behind a lump is key to deciding what steps to take next. Some lumps disappear on their own, while others need medical evaluation or treatment. This article offers a clear overview of the most common types of lumps, their possible causes, warning signs, and treatment approaches, helping you make informed choices about your health.

What Is an Epidermoid Cyst?

An epidermoid cyst is a common type of benign growth that occurs beneath the skin. These cysts are typically slow-growing and can appear anywhere on the body, though they are frequently found on the neck, back, and behind the ears. They are formed when skin cells, instead of shedding, move deeper into the skin and multiply. The cyst is filled with keratin, a protein that is also found in hair and nails. While generally harmless, epidermoid cysts can become inflamed or infected, causing discomfort and requiring medical attention.

Causes and Risk Factors of Epidermoid Cysts

Epidermoid cysts can form for several reasons. They commonly develop when a hair follicle becomes blocked or after minor skin injuries. Certain genetic disorders, such as Gardner syndrome, can raise the risk of developing these cysts. People with acne or other chronic skin conditions may also be more susceptible. Although anyone can develop an epidermoid cyst, they occur more often in adults than in children and are seen more frequently in men than in women.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Lumps and Cysts

The most common sign of an epidermoid cyst is a small, rounded lump beneath the skin. These cysts are typically painless, but if they become infected, they may turn red, swollen, and tender. In some cases, a thick, unpleasant-smelling discharge can leak from the cyst. Diagnosis is usually made through a physical exam by a healthcare professional. If there is uncertainty, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions, including cancer. Imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI may also be used to evaluate the cyst’s size and depth.

Common Home Remedies People Try for Lumps

Some people choose to use home remedies to manage lumps, though these approaches are not scientifically proven. Commonly used options include: